Positive and negative space
Some artists use positive and negative space to create illusions
Different ways artists use space
2-dimensional artwork is normally contained within the borders of the paper or the canvas...
Artists can fill the entire space of the canvas with busy and chaotic markings...
Artists can organize imagery so that there is a balance of positive and negative space.
3-Dimensional Artworks occupy physical space
Sculptures and art installations often interact with their environment. The positive space is the area the the object is occupying and negative space is the area around the object.
illusion of space on a two-dimensional surface
Artists create the illusion of space through the use of perspective...
By making objects in the foreground larger and objects distance smaller, the artists create the illusion of depth
ANDREW WYETH, Public sale
Notice how the tire marks help create the illusion of depth in this painting. Wyeth has created depth by having the two lines get closer and closer as they move into the distance (Perspective).
Perspective can also help create the illusion of height.